University of Oregon Libraries
Special Collections & University Archives
1299 University of Oregon
Eugene, OR 97403-1299
URL: http://libweb.uoregon.edu/speccoll/index.html



Guide to the Ulius L. Amoss Papers, 1941-1963


Coll. 005





Finding aid prepared by Hilary Cummings, Manuscripts Processor

Finding aid encoded by ArchProteus, June 2006
Funding for encoding this finding aid was provided through a grant awarded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.


Overview of the Collection

 
Repository Name:
 

University of Oregon Libraries
Special Collections & University Archives

1299 University of Oregon
Eugene, OR 97403-1299
URL: http://libweb.uoregon.edu/speccoll/index.html

 
Collection Number:
 

Coll. 005

 
Creator:
 

Amoss, Ulius Louis, 1895-1961

 
Title:
 

Ulius L. Amoss Papers

 
Dates:
 

1941-1963 (inclusive)

 
Quantity:
 

5 linear feet
10 containers

 
Languages:
 

Collection materials in English. 

 
Summary:
 

Before, during, and after World War II, Ulius "Pete" Louis Amoss (1895-1961) engaged in espionage. His work included directorship of the OSS during the war and founder and director of the ISI, the International Services of Information Foundation, Incorporated. Amoss is credited with the coining the phrase "leaderless resistance." The collection includes correspondence, literary manuscripts, espionage material, and print material that reflect his life and work as a spy.

 

Biographical Note

Ulius "Pete" Louis Amoss (1895-1961) dedicated his life to espionage. In several of his speeches Amoss quotes an old-school general who defines espionage as "...the second most ancient profession in the world, not as honorable as the first, nor as much fun." He admits espionage is dirty business, all the more reason, he says, for it to be practiced only by the most honorable of men.

Amoss' first espionage experience was acquired via the war work of the International committee of the YMCA in Greece. Wanting to move into Turkey, the Middle East, and Africa, Amoss set up an export business, Gramtrade International Corporation, of which he was President from 1936 to 1942. During this time, he also posed as a munitions dealer to intervene in negotiations between Germany and Turkey and became involved in two more business: Harrisburg Machine and Foundry company and the Shirgun Corporation. In 1942, when Amoss was ordered to report to the army, the government took over and "ruined" his export operations.

While in the Armed Forces, Amoss served as Director of the Balkan Desk for information, C.O.I. (Coordinator of Information); Director of the OSS (Office of Strategic Services) Near Eastern Desk, intelligence; Deputy Directory, OSS, for sabotage, intelligence, psychological and guerrilla warfare; Commanding Officer, Experimental Detachment G-3 UASFIME; and Deputy Chief of Staff, U.S. Ninth Air Force. He was awarded the Legion of Merit and formed important friendships with colleagues from most U.S. allies. In addition, he met and later married Mary Veronica "Ron" Grogan who also served in the Armed Forces' secret intelligence.

After being discharged in 1946, Amoss, still dedicated to a career in espionage, formed the International Services of Information Foundation, Incorporated (ISI), a non-profit, privately owned and operated intelligence service whose purpose was to collect and disseminate information from overseas countries. ISI published a General Report, a newsletter entitled INFORM, and a Special Letter to ISI Trustees and Supporters, in order to pass on the information they had learned through their intelligence operations. Amoss edited these publications.

To assist in the financial support of ISI, Amoss formed an unincorporated U.L. Amoss Syndicate in 1948 to promote and carry out legitimate and profitable transactions in foreign or domestic trade. In turn, the Syndicate invested in several other corporations. One, World Rights, Inc. capitalized on Amoss' discovery in 1954 of the hair restoring product, Grecian Formula 16. Aegean Products, Inc. and Delian Distributors, Inc. were set up as distributors for the product. In 1957, Amoss sold his stock in Grecian Formula 16 because he found it had lead in it as well as other undesirable side effects. He then tried to get a British company formed to invest in a new, improved product, but apparently was unable to raise the capital.

The Amoss Syndicate ventures and Amoss personally suffered financial loss. Amoss raised money by giving numerous speeches promoting ISI and writing articles for magazines. It is also evident from his Papers that he intended to write several books. Everything he did earn, he put into ISI.

Amoss died November 9, 1961 from coronary thrombosis.

Content Description

This collection includes correspondence, manuscripts, speeches, espionage material, and memorabilia relating to Ulius Amoss, spymaster, and international Services of Information (ISI), a private intelligence agency he founded.

The correspondence is arranged alphabetically within a general folder for each letter of the alphabet, followed by folders relating to specific subjects or more extensive correspondence with one person. Information concerning the Amoss Syndicate (box 4, folder 16) and its investments can be found here as well as publishing ventures and three folders of condolences addressed to Mrs. Mary Veronica Amoss upon the death of Ulius Amoss in 1961.

Amoss apparently intended to write an autobiography with a proposed title, "Easier Said than Done" (see box 5, folders 11 through 13) and at least one other book, possibly a biography of one of his agents. This material, in addition to articles he wrote, can be found in the series of manuscripts.

Between 1950 and 1960 Amoss made many speeches promoting ISI and his profession. These have been arranged chronologically in boxes 6 through 7.

The espionage material includes correspondence special and secret reports and material removed from two notebooks concerning Soviet Intelligence. It is followed by four folders of reports, correspondence and official papers created while he was in the Armed Forces.

Other material that can be found in this collection includes certificates, broadsides, and printed matter. ISI publications, published articles and newsclippings make up the series of printed matter. Although the original photographs have been removed to the Photo Vault, photocopies do appear in the collection (box 10, folder 1).

Administrative Information

Separated Materials 

Photographs in this collection are stored separately under call number PH126.

Acquisition Information 

Gift of Mary Veronica Amoss in 1980.

Use of the Collection

Restrictions on Access 

Collection is open to the public.

Collection must be used in Special Collections & University Archives Reading Room.

Restrictions on Use 

Property rights reside with Special Collections & University Archives. Copyright resides with the creators of the documents or their heirs. All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted to the Manuscripts Librarian in Special Collections & University Archives. The reader must also obtain permission of the copyright holder.

Preferred Citation 

[Identification of item], Ulius L. Amoss Papers, Coll. 005, Special Collections & University Archives, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.

Related Information

Bibliography 

Report to ISI Trustees, June 15, 1959 (box 3, folder 3)

Personal History Statement (box 1, folder 3)

Subjects

This collection is indexed under the following headings in the online catalog. Researchers desiring materials about related topics, persons, or places should search the catalog using these headings.

 
Amoss, Ulius Louis, 1895-1961
Amoss, Ulius Louis, 1985-1961--Correspondence
International Services of Information Foundation
United States--Office of Strategic Services
Espionage--United States
Intelligence service--United States
Clippings
Other Creators :
International Services of Information Foundation

Detailed Description of the Collection

 

Series I:  Correspondence

 
Container(s)
Description
 
box
1
folder
1

Personal matter, biographical and financial
 
 
2
Abbara
 
 

Abdelkrim
 
 

Ackerman
 
 

Acting
 
 

Anderson
 
 

Ashley
 
 

Athenagoras
 
 
3
American Weekly (see also Robbins, Charles H.D.)
 
 
4
Baltimore Association for States Rights, Inc.
 
 

Barkaga
 
 

Baugh Chemical Company
 
 

Baumgartner
 
 

Bazinet
 
 

Beadle
 
 

Bedeman
 
 

Beir
 
 

Bey
 
 

Blok
 
 

Blumenthal
 
 

Bolland
 
 

Borden
 
 

Borovetz
 
 

Brew
 
 

Bruce, David
 
 

Bruce, James
 
 

Bushong
 
 

Butler
 
 
5
Caplan
 
 

Carroll
 
 

Cassini
 
 

Caterpillar Club
 
 

Cerneck
 
 

Chatelain
 
 

Chen
 
 

Childs
 
 

Cleveland, George and Frances
 
 

Cohn
 
 

Collins
 
 

Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate
 
 

Condemi
 
 

Coupland
 
 

Crogan
 
 

Cunio
 
 
6
Caesium
 
 
7
Carney, John Otis
 
 
8
Condolences
 
 
9
Condolences
 
 
2 1
Condolences
 
 
2
Davis
 
 

Dewey
 
 

Domestic and Foreign Trade Associates
 
 

Donhoff
 
 

Donovan
 
 

Dougherty
 
 

Drury
 
 
3
Deminform
 
 
4
Ellis
 
 
5
Faskin
 
 

Filardi
 
 

Folder, Noland and Co.
 
 

Foster
 
 

Fotitch
 
 

Freeman
 
 

Fryling
 
 
6
Gallagher
 
 

Garrett
 
 

Gibson Island Club
 
 

Gifford
 
 

Godel
 
 

Goodfellow
 
 

Graham
 
 

Greene
 
 

Gregory
 
 

Grogan, Arnold
 
 

Grogan, Ewart
 
 

Grogan, Michael
 
 

Grogan, William
 
 

Grogan, Veronica
 
 
7
Grecian Formula 16
 
 
3 1
Hall
 
 

Halsted
 
 

Hamill
 
 

Hansen
 
 

Hanson
 
 

Hardie
 
 

Hazlett
 
 

Heller
 
 

Henderson
 
 

Hepbron
 
 

Hoag
 
 

Hochstetter
 
 

Hoguet
 
 

Hopkins
 
 

Hotel Barclay
 
 

Hughes
 
 
2
Irr Ivancho
 
 
3
ISI Foundation
 
 
4
Izycka
 
 
5
Jacques
 
 

Jahreszeiten
 
 

Janney
 
 

Johnson
 
 
6
Subordinate Component
 
 
7
Subordinate Component
 
 
8
Keelty
 
 

Kennedy
 
 

Keough
 
 

Kepner
 
 

Kerby
 
 

King
 
 

Kirby
 
 

Knapp
 
 

Knott
 
 

Kobler
 
 

Kolmer
 
 

Grogan, William
 
 

Grogan, Veronica
 
 
9
Kowalewski (see also North Sea Corporation)
 
 
10
J.K. [Jan Kowalewski, information for biography]
 
 
11
Lambert
 
 

Lambourne
 
 

Lane, Nellie
 
 

Lane William Preston
 
 

Lansdale
 
 

Larsen
 
 

Larson
 
 

Laughlin
 
 

Lawson-Johnstgon
 
 

LeBaron
 
 

Lecalier
 
 

Lee
 
 

Leonhart
 
 

Look
 
 

Loesby
 
 

Lounsbury
 
 

Low
 
 

Ludlow
 
 

Lytle
 
 
4 1
McClenahan
 
 

McCrosson
 
 

Maddaford