Norman S. Archibald (April 7, 1894-September 1975) and Hazel M.
Archibald Draper (March 28, 1891-February 1973) were the only children of Silas
Archibald and Elizabeth J. Langille Archibald, naturalized American citizens
originally from Canada. The family lived at 1206 Minor Avenue in Seattle.
Norman Archibald (also known as "Jim") graduated from Broadway High
School in Seattle, attended the University of Washington for two years and
graduated from Cornell University. Upon the U.S. declaration of war on Germany
in 1917, Archibald left home determined to become an aviator and fly on the
front against the enemy. After intensive training in Texas and France,
Archibald served as a Chasse pilot in France, becoming a member of the 95th Air
Squadron, First Pursuit Group on July 1, 1918. Lieutenant Archibald made daily
flights at the front until September 8, when his SPAD aircraft was shot down
behind enemy lines in St. Mihiel and he was taken prisoner by the Germans.
Archibald was held in prison camps at Karlsruhe and elsewhere, not released
until November 28, eleven days after the signing of the Armistice. Archibald
recounts his experience, from his decision to become an aviator in 1917 through
his reunion with his sister Hazel in France after his release, in his 1935 book
Heaven High, Hell Deep. Archibald returned
to military service in 1942, receiving a commission as captain in the United
States Air Force.
Norman Archibald died in 1975. The Norman Archibald Charitable
Foundation was established in 1977 to support youth and child development
programs; higher education and libraries; museums and the performing arts; and
family and social services in the Puget Sound region of Washington State.
Hazel Marjorie Archibald also served in France in World War I, with
the American Red Cross in Paris. She was accepted for service in October 1918;
her decision was likely influenced by the capture and imprisonment of her
brother in France the previous month. Archibald, a talented pianist and popular
songwriter, worked as an entertainer in the Red Cross Hospital Hut Service,
later transferring to the vocational department, inspired by her experience
with wounded GIs. While in France in late 1918, Archibald continually sought
information on the condition and whereabouts of her brother, finally reuniting
with him in Tours, France in early December. Hazel Archibald continued to serve
in the Red Cross until May 1919.
After the war, Hazel Archibald worked as a staff writer for the
Seattle Times , penning a regular feature
on a variety of topics under the pseudonym "Dora Dean." Archibald moved to New
York around 1921, where she successfully pursued her career as a songwriter and
performer, self-publishing the sheet music to her songs, one of which was used
in a musical production on Broadway.
On November 12, 1926 Hazel Archibald married Eben S. Draper, son of a
former Massachusetts governor and himself a member of the Massachusetts House
and Senate during the 1920s. Living in Boston, she continued composing music at
least until the 1940s; in 1944 she created an operetta to be performed as a
benefit for United Nations Relief.
Content Description
These papers, photographs and scrapbooks document the intersecting
experiences of a Seattle brother and sister serving in France during World War
I. Through collected newspaper clippings, telegraphs, notes and photographs,
mostly from 1918, emerges a picture of a young aviator captured by the Germans
in France and the dedication of his sister who, while working tirelessly
entertaining GIs in France, continued to search for her captured younger
brother. Additional materials fill out the portrait of Hazel Archibald Draper
as an ambitious and successful pianist and songwriter, and of Norman Archibald
making his mark as a successful author, with his first hand account of his
wartime experience, which was reviewed positively in newspapers
nation-wide.
Use of the Collection
Restrictions on Access :
The collection is open to the public by appointment.
Restrictions on Use :
The Museum of History & Industry is the owner of the materials in
the Sophie Frye Bass Library and makes available reproductions for research,
publication, and other uses. Written permission must be obtained from MOHAI
before any reproduction use. The museum does not necessarily hold copyright to
all of the materials in the collections. In some cases, permission for use may
require seeking additional authorization from the copyright owners.
Preferred Citation :
Norman Archibald and Hazel Archibald Draper Papers , Museum of History
& Industry, Seattle
Administrative Information
Arrangement :
Arranged by accession, then series by individual within each
accession:
1982.105: Norman Archibald and Hazel Archibald Draper
scrapbooks and loose materials, 1916-1970
Norman Archibald materials
Hazel Archibald Draper materials
2009.3.4: Norman Archibald and Hazel Archibald Draper papers,
1895-1959
Norman Archibald materials
Hazel Archibald Draper materials
Acquisition Information :
Accession 1982.105: Gift of Archibald Foundation Estate via Larry
Miller, May 27, 1982.
Accession 2009.3.4: Gift of Estate of Norman S. Archibald via Pacific
National Bank of Washington, 1976.
Processing Note :
Pages of the Norman Archibald scrapbook were removed from portfolio
and foldered.
Detailed Description of the Collection
The following section contains a detailed listing of the materials in
the collection.
1982.105: Norman Archibald and Hazel
Archibald Draper scrapbooks and loose materials, 1916-1970
Each scrapbook included loose materials dispersed between
scrapbook pages or in accompanying envelopes and folders. These are described
separately.
Container(s)
Description
Dates
Norman Archibald
materials
1918-1970
Box/Folder
1/1
1982.105.1.1: Norman Archibald
scrapbook
20 pages 18 x 24 inches
Scrapbook consists of reviews of and articles about Norman
"Jim" Archibald's book
Heaven High and Hell Deep from
newspapers across the country.
1935
January-February
1/2
1982.105.1.2: Other scrapbook pages
2 pages
Clippings and ephemera related to Norman Archibald's
imprisonment and release
1918-1919
1/3
1982.105.1.3: Loose clippings
1 folder
Wartime clippings (1918); mentions of
Heaven High, Hell Deep (1935;
1964); and a newspaper photograph of Archibald with Guendolen Plestcheeff at
Seattle Art Museum (1970).
1918-1970
1/4
1982.105.1.4: Papers
1 folder
Contains a list of Officers of the 95th Aero Squadron, 1st
Pursuit Group and photocopies of reports from the period during in which
Archibald crashed and went missing.
circa 1918
1/5
1982.105.1.5: Photographs
3 photographs
2 photographs of servicemen and officers in formation in an
unidentified city; one photograph of Norman Archibald sitting with others at an
event (circa 1960s).
circa 1960s; undated
Hazel Archibald Draper
materials
1913-1963
Box/Folder
1/6
1982.105.2.1: Hazel Archibald Draper
scrapbook
22 unbound scrapbook
pages 18 x 22 inches
Scrapbook consists of clippings documenting Hazel Archibald
Draper's life from 1913-1926. Clippings document her prominence on Seattle
society pages, and articles from the early 1920s report on the success of her
musical career, as both composer and performer, in New York. Numerous clippings
document her service as an entertainer for the Red Cross Hospital Hut branch in
Paris, including a series of articles written by Hazel Archibald about her
experience. Clippings also document the wartime capture, imprisonment and
return of Norman Archibald. The scrapbook also includes an account of
Archibald's dance with the Prince of Wales at an event the Empress Hotel in
1919, and announcements of her marriage to Eben S. Draper in 1926.
1913-1926
1/7
1982.105.2.2: Clippings
1 folder
A folder of loose clippings from 1926, 1944, 1954, and 1963
includes wedding announcements and clippings about Draper's musical
compositions and programs.
1926-1963
1/8-9
1982.105.2.3-7: Photographs
5 photographs
Photographs include: a portrait of Norman and Hazel Archibald
by Imogen Cunningham;one portrait photograph depicting an unidentified man; one
full-length portrait of Norman Archibald in uniform (1918); one photograph of
little girl, possibly Hazel Archibald; and a group photograph of Native
Alaskans
1918; undated
1/10
1982.105.2.8-9: Artwork
2 items
One drawing of a woman and one painting of a river, artists
unknown.
2009.3.4: Norman Archibald and Hazel
Archibald Draper papers, 1895-1959
Container(s)
Description
Dates
Norman Archibald
materials
1895-1942
Box/Folder
2/1
2009.3.4.1: Silas Archibald
correspondence
2 items
Includes a letter from the American Red Cross, dated October
14, 1918, informing Norman Archibald's father that he is a prisoner of war at
Karlsruhe and not wounded.
1895, 1918
2/2
2009.3.4.2: Clipping on Archibald's US Air
Force commission
1 folder
1942
2/3-5
2009.3.4.3-.5: Heaven High, Hell Deep
promotional materials, reviews and newspaper serialization
3 folders
1935
2/6
2009.3.4.6: Watercolor of barn doors,
signed by Bailey Fluery
undated
Photographs
Box/Folder
2/7
2009.3.4.7-.8: Norman Archibald with his
Spad airplane
2 photographs
The "kicking mule" emblem of the 95th Aero Squadron is
visible on the plane in one of the photos.
1918
2/8
2009.3.4.9: Portrait of Norman
Archibald
circa 1918
3/1
2009.3.4.10: Norman Archibald with Irish
wolf hound near staircase
Photograph perforated with words "Unfinished Proof
Bachrach."
circa 1920
3/1
2009.3.4.11-12: Unidentified
mansion
Photographs perforated with words "Unfinished Proof
Bachrach."
circa 1920
Hazel Archibald Draper
materials
War service
1918-1919
Box/Folder
2/9
2009.3.4.13: American Red Cross service
papers
1 folder
Permits, orders and telegrams related to Archibald's service
with the American Red Cross in Paris.
1918-1919
2/10
2009.3.4.14: Papers regarding the
imprisonment of Norman Archibald
1 folder
Telegrams and letters sent to Hazel Archibald while she was
in Red Cross service in Paris, regarding the status of her brother. Includes
one clipping and a letter written by Norman Archibald to Lieutenant Joseph
Waterman of the British Royal Flying Corps (dated October 10, 1918) notifying
him of his imprisonment and condition.
1918
2/11
2009.3.4.15: Poems and writing about war,
by others
3 items
1918
2/12
2009.3.4.16: Ephemera
3 items
Paris lingerie store receipt; handwritten note on
Life magazine letterhead
rejecting a submission; and an invitation to a ball honoring the Prince of
Wales at the Empress Hotel in Victoria, B.C.
1919
2/13
2009.3.4.17: Clippings
1 folder
1919
3; 3/2
2009.3.4.18: Red Cross service photograph
album
1 album with 185
photographs; 1 folder with 34 loose photographs removed from album
Hazel Archibald titled this album "Active Service with the
American Red Cross in France during Allied War with Germany." The album
consists of photographs and ephemera related to her service. Ephemera include
telegrams about her service assignments as well as about her brother Norman's
imprisonment, and permits for travel as part of the Red Cross. Photographs
depict Hazel Archibald in Paris and other locations in France, including
Versailles, Brest, and Amiens. Includes photographs of Norman after his release
as prisoner of war (December 1918); a prison in Germany; an American Red Cross
building; wounded soldiers; and a graveyard. Hazel Archibald is shown posed
with other female Red Cross workers as well as with military officers,
including General John J. Pershing.
1918
Music career
1921-1959
Box/Folder
2/14
2009.3.4.19: Music copyrights
1 folder
1921-1958
3/3
2009.3.4.20: Sheet music
1 folder
Sheet music to compositions with words and music written by
Hazel Archibald, published in New York.
1921
Box
3
2009.3.4.21: Bound orchestration
manuscript for "Pas de Deux" by Hazel A. Draper
undated
2/15
2009.3.4.22: Court at Buckingham
Palace
1 folder
Correspondence, invitation and photograph related to Hazel
A. Draper's presentation at the Fourth Court at Buckingham Palace, June 24,
1932.
1932
2/16
2009.3.4.23: Announcement for program of
Hazel Draper compositions at the Plymouth Theater, April 23, 1944
1 item
1944
2/17
2009.3.4.24: Clippings
1 folder
1926, 1959, undated
Photographs
Box/Folder
2/18
2009.3.4.25: Hazel Archibald in Red Cross
uniform
circa 1918
3/4
2009.3.4.26: Portrait of Hazel
Archibald
Michelson (photographer)
circa 1920s
2/18
2009.3.4.27: Hazel Archibald arm in arm
with man in crowd
Photograph appears to have been printed off of frames from a
film
undated
2/18
2009.3.4.28: Performers, most in
blackface, on stage
Writing on verso: Typical Christmas show picture. You
understand what I was explaining to you I assume.
undated
Miscellaneous
Box/Folder
3
2009.3.4.29: Scrapbook of "Dora Dean"
clippings
After the war, Hazel Archibald worked for the
Seattle Times, writing articles
on a variety of subjects under the pseudonym "Dora Dean."
This collection is indexed under the following headings in the online
catalog. Researchers desiring materials about related topics, persons, or
places should search the catalog using these headings.
